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Mozaik:

**HUNGARIAN GUSHER SHOULD PUMP UP OIL TENDER**
  By Tom Hoover

  Although the Hungarian government is withholding the monetary
  details of the privatization of its national oil company, Mol,
  the announcement last week that a new oil field has been
  discovered should make the tender a bit more lucrative.  The
  yet untapped deposit is just southwest of Hungary's Lake
  Balaton near the tiny village of Szokedencs and preliminary
  testing suggests heavy crude.

  "The field is six or seven kilometers," said Ivan Fisch,
  assistant to the vice-president at Mol.  "By Hungarian
  standards that's a large field."

  It's not yet known how much oil will be pumped out of the
  Szokedencs site, but Fisch said a precise estimate will be
  made in about three months.  Under Hungarian law the
  government has the right to explore for natural resources and
  land owners are obliged to allow it.  Szokedencs lies in an
  area dense with Hungarian oil production fields and, according
  to Mol, was a logical location to search.  Mol has exploration
  rights to about 18 percent of Hungary's 93,000 square
  kilometers of territory and the area of Szokedencs falls into
  that 18 percent.  Mol produced all of Hungary's 1.6 million
  tons of domestic crude last year, a drop of 100,000 tons over
  1993. But the country still gets most of its oil from Russia
  and imported 5.5 million tons last year.

  "The only alternative we have is the Adria pipeline from
  Croatia,"  Fisch said.  "But the war has closed it for the
  past two years."

  The Adria pipeline was a major supplier to Slovakia and the
  Czech Republic as well, however, a section of it runs through
  the Serb-held region of Krajina in Croatia, effectively
  shutting off the flow.  In the hope of increasing domestic
  production, four international oil companies have been given
  the opportunity to explore in Hungary as direct competitors to
  Mol.  Blue Star, Coastal, Occidental and Mobil were each given
  a 35 year concession last year to explore 9,000 square
  kilometers, but as yet have had no success.  Fisch said Mol
  has a tradition of cooperation with Occidental, but it was not
  named as one of the western companies interested in a minority
  share in Mol, which Privatization Minister Tamas Suchmann said
  will be available late this month.  Austria's OMV, America's
  Mobil, Amoco, Shell and France's Total have voiced interest in
  Mol, Hungary's biggest firm in terms of sales and one of the
  15 biggest companies in Europe.  Suchmann emphasized last
  week, however, that the Hungarian government will keep a 25
  percent share of Mol permanently, maintaining it as the
  "national oil company". Another 20 percent of shares will be
  offered to the Mol staff.  About five percent of Mol is
  already privately held and a float on the Budapest Stock
  Exchange will immediately follow the further privatization.
  The value of Mol also includes its natural gas monopoly.  The
  company produces 50 percent of the natural gas used
  domestically, importing the rest from Russia.

> ------------------------------------------
Azert ehhez batorsag kell!  Egy orszag 50-75%-ban kulfoldnek adja 
belfoldi energia-hordozoinak monopoliumat es tulajdonat....

Diana

Hi Koernyeszek

    A Tanszekemen nehany nap mulva egy dizelmotort fogunk vizsgalni. Eloszoer
gazolajjal jaratjuk, majd repcemetileszterrel (RME). Ezt a motoripust kissebb
kombajnokba szoktak szerelni. A vizsgalat sokkal reszletesebb lesz mint amit
az europai (UN ECE 21, 49 es 85) es magyar (MSZ 21865 es 21866) szabvany
eloir. Az eloirt 6 illetve 13 helyett 20-30 kueloenboezo terhelesen es
fordulatszamon fogjuk merni az emissziot: korom, CO, CH, NOx, CO2, O2.
    A mereselokeszites koezben felmeruelt, hogy policiklusos aromas
szenhidrogeneket (PAH) is merjuenk. A most ervenyben levo europai szabvanyok
nem irjak elo a PAH mereset. Valoszinu, hogy Europaban 2000-tol lesz
bevezetve a PAH merese. A mert PAH erteket nagyon befolyasolja a begyujtes,
oldas es az extrahalas modszere. Eddig egy olyan cikk keruelt a kezuenkbe,
amely ezzel a kifejezetten ezzel a temaval foglalkozott:
    Gajzago Laszlo: A BELSo EGESy MOTOROK ALDEHID- ES PAH-EMISSZIoJA.
                    Koernyezetvedelmi fuezetek, OMIKK, 1992.
A cikknek sok irodalmi hovatkozasa van. Toebb meresi modszert ismertet. Az
egyik szerint uevegszurovel mintat veszuenk, metanollal leoldjuk, extrahaljuk
es gazkromatograffal kielemezzuek. A masik az oessz-PAH-tartalmat adja meg. Ez
a PAS (photoelectric aerosol sensor) modszer, mely valos ideju es mobil
muszerrel merheto. Ez utobbi mind imisszios,mind emisszios meresekre
is alkalmazhato. Valoszinu hogy itt, Magyarorszagon mindket modszer szerint
tudunk merni.
    Bocs a hosszu bevezeto miatt, de nem vagyunk otthon a temaban, de
szerettem volna pontosan ismertetni a helyzetet. Tehat a kerdesem a koevetkezo:

A JOEVoBELI (NEHEZ DiZEL) JARMyEMISSZIo SZABVANYOK MILYEN MERESI MoDSZERT
FOGNAK MEGHATAROZNI A PAH-RE ?

    Ha nem a joevobeli szabvany szerint meruenk, akkor kesobb nem lesznek
oesszehasonlithatok az eredmenyeink. Az amerikai jarmuemisszio szabvanyok
mindig elorebb tartanak, mint az europaiak, ezert lehet, hogy az amerikai
szabvanyok mar a PAH mereset is meghatarozzak.

A valaszokat elore is koeszoenjuek.


Gillich Peter

GATE Jarmu- es Hotechnika Tanszek
Goedoello